I'm not sure if this is rF2 or Windows (7, 64-bit) related problem, but rFactor2.exe doesn't show up in my volume mixer (right click on the sound icon in taskbar > volume mixer). This is a real pain as I sometimes swap between speakers and headphones, and sometimes listen to music while driving and use something like Mumble for voice communication.
Be sure to set the right sound card/output as "default device" in the windows control panel. If rF2 uses a non default device, then you will not able to see the icon on the mixer.